Traffic and transport are concepts that are inseparably connected with the existence of cities. Transport conditions have changed significantly since the establishment of the vast majority of Polish cities. International doctrinal acts in the field of monument protection have defined problems in this area and outlined some good practices to protect cultural values of historic centers. In this text, two cities in the Lodzkie Voivodship were analyzed in terms of compliance with the recommendations of the so-called Washington Charter and the La Valetta Document. The study showed that there are significant discrepancies between the conservation theory and the reality of vehicle traffic within selected cities as case studies: Kutno and Łowicz. This fact has a negative impact on the possibility of re-valorizing the historic space and contributes to a significant reduction in the value of the cultural landscape.